Alois Langer

In 2002 Langer was inducted into the National Inventor’s Hall of Fame for his work on the ICD. On August 31, 2007, Langer’s Cardiac Telecom Corporation voluntarily filed for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy in order to reorganize the firm. Langer currently works as a Consultant and is involved in designing several non-medical alarm systems. Last known, he resides in Forest Hills, Pennsylvania.

Langer was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2002 for his contribution to developing the ICD. He studied electrical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and completed his Ph.D. thesis at Carnegie Mellon University. In 1972, Langer became the chief biomedical engineer at MedRad Inc. and started work on the ICD project. In 1980, he oversaw the final testing and implantation of the device into a human patient. In 1990, Langer founded Cardiac Telecom Corporation and engaged in the development and marketing of telephonic cardiac monitoring systems. Langer currently lives in Forest Hills, Pennsylvania and works part-time as a Consultant.

In 1996, Langer flew to Tempe, Arizona for the Super Bowl XXX in order to demonstrate the HEARTrac system. Langer set up the device on Myron Cope, the famous sports broadcaster for the game, in order to see “just how excited Cope gets during the big games”. The ECG from Cope was transmitted live to a cardiologist in Pittsburgh, who monitored it and provided feedback. The demonstration was proclaimed as a technological victory for Langer and his company Cardiac Telecom.

During his work on the ICD, Langer met with several patients and their families and noticed that lot of families were very anxious. The families worried when a cardiac event might recur and felt they needed to watch over their loved ones continuously. From this observation, Langer got the idea for developing a patient worn device that would monitor the heart rhythm 24 hours a day and relay any trouble to medical staff. It wasn’t until 1989 that Langer began to pursue the idea, and began searching for funding and investors. In 1990 Langer founded Cardiac Telecom Corporation in Greensburg, PA and started development on telephonic monitoring systems. Initially Langer and his team worked on developing the HEARTrac I Cardiac Monitoring System. The HEARTrac system was designed for patient in hospital rooms as cheaper alternative to expensive ICU Monitoring or cardiac step down units. The device was approved in early 1995 by the FDA and shipment began later that year.

By 1976, Langer and the team had finished designing the device and started the rigorous and extensive testing process. For the next four years the ICT underwent animal models testing, design reviews, and other tests to verify that the device would indeed work. In 1980 the device was first implanted into a human subject at Johns Hopkins University. Langer was present in the operating room with the ICD device in hand; ready to be implanted into the first human. He was to test the device within the sterilized container just before it was to be implanted. Incidentally when he handed over the device to the nurse, it she lost control and dropped the device on the floor. Luckily Langer had brought duplicate for such incidents implanted this second copy successfully. Weeks later the team tested the device by inducing a potentially fatal arrhythmia. The defibrillator “took about 30-plus seconds or so” to restart the patient’s heart, says Heilman. Attending physicians were seconds away from giving up and jump-starting the heart with shock paddles when finally, says Heilman, “the device kicked in and did shock and did correct the rhythm.” By its completion, the ICD had 25+ patents.

In 1972 Langer was hired by a company in Pittsburgh called Medrad Inc to work on the ICD project. The company president, Dr. Steve Heilman, had previously met with Baltimore cardiologist Dr. Michael Mirowski to discuss the possibility of developing the ICD. Mirowski had already patented the device and needed a company which would perfect it and manufacture it. Medrad took up the challenge of developing the ICD. Given Langer’s experience in electrocardiographic analysis and electrical engineering he was placed as the chief biomedical engineer of the ICD team. The fourth and last member of the initial team was Baltimore cardiopulmonary researcher Morton Mower.

Alois A. Langer, son of Westinghouse researcher and inventor also named Alois Langer, was born and raised in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. His father encouraged him to do something with his life that would work for the benefit of the people. Langer went study electrical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he graduated in 1967. After graduating from MIT, he pursued a combined PhD in electrical engineering and biotechnology at Carnegie Mellon University. He completed his thesis on multidimensional electrocardiographic analysis.

Alois A. Langer (born February 24, 1945 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) is an American biomedical engineer best known as one of the co-inventors of the Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD).