Denis Robert

On 3 February 2011, after ten years of litigation, Robert was cleared by the Court of Cassation of his conviction for both of his books Révélation$ and La Boite Noire (The Black Box), and also for his documentary film Les Dissimulateurs.

At last, in February 2011, Robert won these three cases in Court of Cassation, which highlighted the seriousness of the investigation, freedom of expression and the public interest.

Decision No.106 from 3 February 2011 of the Court of Cassation "breaks and cancels in its entirety" the decision of the Appeal Court, rejecting all of Clearstream's arguments. The judges commented that "the public interest in the subject and the seriousness of the investigation, led by an investigative journalist, allowed the wording and the contentious allegations, the Appeal Court violated the above-mentioned texts" therefore cancelling Robert's previous convictions. The Court of Cassation specifically stated that "when a public debate of public interest is involved, journalistic freedom includes possible resort to a certain degree of exaggeration, even provocation, in the debate".

In 2009 he published Dunk, a social science fiction novel. He is also the author of a successful four-volume comic strip, L’affaire des affaires.

On 11 June 2008, Robert decided to stop publishing about Clearstream, being under too much pressure.

In 2008, the Appeal Court of Paris convicted Robert in three cases.

On 4 December 2006, Robert was sentenced to pay €1500 in damages for using defamatory words about Clearstream in VSD. The writer appealed against the sentence, saying that the interview in VSD had been truncated. Furthermore, he won every lawsuit filed by Clearstream about his interviews or published and broadcast articles by France 2, Le Point, Le Nouvel Observateur and other various websites.

Alleging that the decisions violated the European Convention on Human Rights, Clearstream lodged an appeal with the Court of Cassation, claiming that Clearstream's rights were being abused in being forbidden from taking legal action. The Luxembourg company claimed that it was impossible for them to be represented by a natural person in this legal process in France, as they were bound by Luxembourg law to be chaired by a board of directors of a collegial nature. On 23 May 2006, the advocate-general at the Court of Cassation, Francis Fréchèdehe, requested that both of these actions be dismissed. He assessed that Clearstream could have used the civil procedure, in which it is not mandatory to be represented by a natural person.

On 27 January 2006, Robert was indicted in Luxembourg for insult, calumny and slander. The complaint aimed at the denunciation in his book Révélation$ of a transaction between BCCI and BGL banks. Robert had described this transaction as "illegal", even though a decision allowing the transaction had been made by a court in Luxembourg.

On 29 March 2004, the 17th Chamber of the Criminal Court of Paris convicted Robert for defamation, both for his book Révélation$ and for his documentary film broadcast on Canal+, on the subject of the activities of the financial institution. However, the same chamber had dismissed Clearstream's complaint about La Boite Noire in October 2003. Both Clearstream and Robert appealed against the decisions which did not turn out in their favour.

In February 2001, the book Révélation$ came out and had an explosive effect. Robert held Cedel International (now known as Clearstream) responsible for being one of the major platforms for concealing financial transactions on a worldwide scale. He continued to condemn them by co-producing a movie Les Dissimulateurs with Pascal Lorent, as part of Canal+’s investigation show 90 minutes. Business journalists were either in disbelief or hostile to it, while some others were just unsure, perhaps because Clearstream was threatening them with endless lawsuits. The movie gained success among the Alter-globalization movement.

He was also the writer of successful novels: Happiness (Original title : Le bonheur), an erotic book written in 2000 and translated into 14 languages; Une ville, published in 2004, which was adapted as a TV series; and La domination du mode, which appeared in 2006. The same year, he also published a novel on football Le milieu du terrain which resulted in several lawsuits, and an investigative book, Clearstream, l’enquête; the latter is very rare, because its sale was prohibited and it was removed from bookstores for almost a month. In late 2006, in collaboration with a painter friend, Robert published an art book, Dominations : 'étrange objet de peinture et de littérature, in parallel with a contemporary art exhibition in Paris.

In addition to his books, Robert has directed and co-directed five documentary films, one for cinema with the cineast Philippe Harel, Journal intime des affaires en cours (1998) and later four others for television : Le cahier (1999), Les Dissimulateurs (2001), Histoire clandestine (2002), L’affaire Clearstream racontée à un ouvrier de chez Daewoo (2003).

In late 1997, Robert planned to denounce the consequences of what he calls "the machine" (the capitalist economic system) for the poorest. In Portrait de groupe avant démolition, Robert presented and illustrated a collection of street photographs of homeless persons taken by one of their own, René Taesch.

Also in 1996, Robert gathered seven anti-corruption magistrates to start the Appel de Genève, to create a European judicial area to fight financial crime more effectively. The Appel de Genève is the subject of a book La justice ou le chaos, published the same year. It was followed by a dozen novels and by as many essays on investigations of the multinational finance company Clearstream.

Robert studied psychology and obtained a Master of Advanced Studies in psycholinguistics. After starting a fanzine Santiag in Lorraine in 1982, he joined the editorial staff of the monthly magazine Actuel, where he worked for a year. At the end of 1983, he joined Libération as a journalist for twelve years, first as a correspondent in eastern France, then he was transferred to the financial and political affairs in the "Society" department. He resigned in 1995 to focus on his own writing work. By this time he had already published two novels, Chair Mathilde in 1991 and Je ferai un malheur in 1994. But the general public only got acquainted with him in early 1996 with his essay Pendant les affaires, les affaires continuent.

Denis Robert (born 9 May 1958) is a French investigative journalist, novelist and filmmaker. He formerly worked for 12 years for the newspaper Libération. In 2008, he was involved in a polemic with Philippe Val, former director of the magazine Charlie Hebdo, and journalist Edwy Plenel.