Hoàng Đạo

At the start of World War II, Hoàng Đạo started traveling to and from China to organize an anti-colonial group, Đại Việt Dân chính Đảng, together with other members of the Tự Lực văn đoàn. Hoàng Đạo and fellow member Khái Hưng were arrested by the French for their anti-colonial activities and were imprisoned for two years. In 1948, Hoàng Đạo died of a heart attack while traveling on a train in China.

He initially trained as a lawyer and earned a degree from the Indochina Law School in 1927. After graduating, he worked at the Hanoi Treasury and pursued further studies, earning a French baccalaureate degree two years later. He began his career working as a civil servant for the French colonial government, where his post as a tribunal clerk enabled him to travel throughout Eastern Indochina. In response to an uprising at Yen Bai in 1932, the French government reassigned Vietnamese civil servants to different outposts to prevent them from collaborating with locals to overthrow the colonial government. Hoàng Đạo was reassigned from Saigon to Hanoi, where his brother Nhất Linh was. Nhất Linh was then spearheading the literary collective Tự Lực văn đoàn which Hoàng Đạo soon became an integral member of.

Hoàng Đạo (1907–1948) is a pen name for Nguyễn Tường Long, an influential essayist and novelist during the inter-war years in Vietnam. He was an important member of the literary collective Tự Lực văn đoàn and was Nhất Linh's brother. He served as the group's unofficial chief theoretician and contributed significantly to its political writings, which was published in journals Phong Hóa and Ngày Nay. Most of his essays were collected and published in the late 1930s. He also wrote Tự Lực văn đoàn's ten-point manifesto.