Ján Nálepka

Ján Nálepka was posthumously promoted to the rank of brigadier general by the President of Slovakia, Rudolf Schuster, on May 7, 2004.

A movie about Ján Nálepka, titled Zajtra bude neskoro (Tomorrow It Will Be Too Late), was made in 1972. It was a joint Soviet-Czechoslovak production, and casts Slovak actor Milan Kňažko as Nálepka.

The village Vondrišel in Gelnica District, Slovakia, was renamed Nálepkovo in 1948.

Posthumously, Ján Nálepka received the titles Hero of the Soviet Union (May 2, 1945) – making him the only Slovak to be awarded this title – and Hero of the Slovak National Uprising (May 5, 1945). He was posthumously awarded the Order of Lenin (May 2, 1945), Order of the White Lion I Class (October 28, 1948), the Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st class, and the Ľudovít Štúr Order, II Class (August 31, 1996).

On the night between 14 and 15 June 1943, Nálepka and several other Slovak officers and soldiers defected from the Slovak Army and joined the partisans. They formed a partisan detachment and fought against the German troops, and called for Slovak soldiers to join them. Nálepka was made commander of the detachment, and was given the nickname Repkin by the Soviet partisans. Early in November 1943, Nálepka joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

On 16 November 1943, Nálepka's detachment tried to liberate the town of Ovruch from German occupation, together with Soviet partisans and troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front. However, Nálepka and several other Slovak anti-fascist fighters were attacked and perished during an assault on the town's railway station. He was buried in a mass grave in Chernivtsi.

There is also a monument to Nálepka in Ovruch, Ukraine, the town where he perished. In Yel’sk, Belarus, a commemorative plaque has been placed on the house where Nálepka lived from 1942 until 1943.

Nálepka was born into a peasant family in the village of Smižany, in Spišská Nová Ves District. From 1931, he worked as a teacher in Stupava, Poruba pod Vihorlatom, Dolná Mariková and Horná Mariková. From 1934 he served as a lieutenant in the Czechoslovak Army, and since 1939 he served in the Slovak armed forces. In 1939 he took part in the Slovak advance into Poland. In 1941, the German-allied Slovak State participated in Operation Barbarossa, Nazi Germany's attack on the Soviet Union, and the military unit in which Nálepka served was sent to fight against the Red Army on the Eastern Front. In 1942, while he was chief of staff of a Slovak regiment stationed in the town of Yel’sk, Nálepka started organizing an underground anti-fascist group inside the army. For example, Nálepka's group would give the local population information about the situation on the front lines, sabotage railway tracks, and give false information to German military aviators, so that they would bomb uninhabited forest areas instead of towns and villages. The same year, Nálepka also established contacts with Soviet partisans.

Ján Nálepka (20 September 1912 in Smižany, Austria-Hungary – 16 November 1943 in Ovruch, German-occupied Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union) was a Slovak captain who organized and led an anti-fascist Slovak partisan detachment in the Soviet Union during World War II.