Jonathan Fine

Fine retired from PHR in 1993, at the age of 62. He then directed a center for Brazilian immigrants in Boston and supported local doctors in Chhattisgarh, India. In 2007, at age 75, he founded Bedside Advocates to help elderly and frail patients navigate the complex medical system. He died in Cambridge, Massachusetts on January 17, 2018, aged 86 years.

Since its inception, PHR has worked in 60 different countries and undertook more than 70 missions in its first decade. Fine led many of the early investigations himself, including those of the use of teargas in South Korea, the deployment of chemical weapons against Kurds in Iraq, and injuries to protestors in the Palestinian territories occupied by Israel. In 1997, PHR was part of a coalition campaigning for a ban on landmines that was awarded a Nobel Peace Prize.

In 1986, Fine worked with a group of other doctors to found Physicians for Human Rights (PHR). He became its first director, forming the organization's mission along the belief that health professionals could use their skills to help investigate and document atrocities. Fine, then 55, resigned from his job to pursue PHR full time. He financed the organization personally, selling his house in order to fund staff salaries, office space, and the international investigations themselves in the early years.

In 1981, John Womack Jr, a professor of Latin American history at Harvard University, asked Fine if he knew any physicians who could speak Spanish and would be willing to travel to Chile immediately to help release three doctors who had been detained by the Pinochet regime. Fine volunteered himself and recruited another American physician, James S. Koopman, to join the mission. They traveled to Chile on behalf of five groups, including the American Public Health Association and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Once in Chile, Fine discovered where the doctors, who were supporters of Allende, had been imprisoned. He publicized their detainment and helped secure their release five weeks later. The delegation published a report in The New York Times, describing the doctors' detention as "a serious act of state repression."

Jonathan E. Fine (1931–2018) was an American primary care physician based in Massachusetts and the founder and first executive director of Physicians for Human Rights (PHR), which shared a Nobel Peace Prize in 1997. As part of PHR, he helped pioneer the study of abuses that affected large groups or populations, such as war. He advocated for the use of epidemiology and population-based science to recount events and horrors people suffered.