Kizito Mihigo

In April 2014, after releasing a critical song challenging the official narrative of the Rwandan genocide, Mihigo was arrested and charged with planning to oust the government. In February 2015, he was sentenced to 10 years of imprisonment after being convicted of conspiracy against the government of President Paul Kagame. Although having been released from prison by presidential grace in September 2018, Mihigo was rearrested in 13 February 2020 and died in custody on 17 February, under suspicious circumstances.

Mihigo was rearrested by locals and security agents in Nyaruguru. On 14 February 2020, the Rwanda Investigation Bureau (RIB) confirmed that it was holding him at that time, alleging that the singer illegally attempted to cross the border into Burundi by bribing the locals. Mihigo died on 17 February 2020 with the cause being a subject of debate; the Rwandan police reported him to have committed suicide in police custody by hanging himself on the window using bed sheets, while political opponents of the Rwandan government claimed that he was tortured to death. A Journalist from a local TV reported that he saw three wounds on his body (one on his forehead, and two on his cheecks. Some people questioned how hanging himself would leave him with wounds on cheecks and forehead, among many other critics.

Upon his release from prison, Kizito founded a Music Academy. During school holidays, singer Kizito Mihigo organized music training for primary and secondary students in Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda. The activity was a part of a broader project looking for funding to create the first School of Music in Rwanda, focusing on sacred music. In 2019, thirty-six pupils, with 14 students from High School and 22 students from Primary School, graduated from the program, obtaining a certificate of music training.

On 10 September 2018, Mihigo abandoned his appeal complaint, which he had lodged in the Supreme Court. Four days later, on 14 September, Mihigo and Umuhoza were released by presidential grace.

On 27 February 2015, Mihigo was sentenced to 10 years imprisonment after being convicted of conspiracy against the government of Kagame. However, due to the lack of evidence, he was discharged of "conspiracy to commit terrorism".

In March 2014, Mihigo uploaded a new song called "Igisobanuro Cy’urupfu" (English: "The Meaning of Death") on YouTube. The song challenged the official narrative of the Rwandan genocide. It was immediately prohibited by the Rwandan government and quickly deleted from the website.

On 7 April 2014, the day of the 20th commemoration of the genocide, the singer was reported missing. On 12 April, former Prime Minister Faustin Twagiramungu claimed that Mihigo was in police custody over the controversial song. On 15 April, Mihigo was presented to journalists by the Rwanda National Police, arrested on suspicion of plotting terrorist attacks and collaborating with the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR) and the Rwanda National Congress (RNC) political parties to oust the government. WikiLeaks later revealed that the singer was kidnapped on 4 April, 10 days before the official announcement of his arrest.

After two postponements, the trial began on 6 November 2014 in Kigali. Mihigo pleaded guilty to all charges against him and requested leniency from the panel of judges. His lawyers said that they did not find the elements of an offense. The three co-defendants plead not guilty and claimed torture.

According to the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), the prosecutor said that the accused were hoping to avenge Colonel Patrick Karegeya, former head of the Rwandan army intelligence who became a political opponent of Kagame's government. The co-founder of the RNC was found strangled on 1 January 2014 in a luxury hotel in South Africa. The South African government has accused Rwanda of being behind the assassination and attempted assassination of Rwandan exiled opponents in South Africa. The Rwandan authorities denied this, though Kagame stated that "anyone who will betray Rwanda shall assume its consequences".

International NGOs for the defence of human rights, such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch, criticized the conduct of the criminal proceedings in their reports for the year 2014–15, denouncing the illegal detention, torture and the politicization of the trial. In the its 2015–16 report, Amnesty International speaks of an "unfair trial [...] believed to be politically motivated". Human Rights Watch noted that "Mihigo was held incommunicado in an unknown location for several days in April 2014 before being formally questioned by the police and brought to trial". Before and during his incommunicado detention, according to Human Rights Watch, "... government officials repeatedly questioned him about a religious song he had written in March in which he prayed for victims of the genocide and other violence. They also questioned him about his alleged links with the RNC. Police officers beat him and forced him to confess to the offenses with which he was later charged in court".

In April 2013, the Rwanda Governance Board recognized the Kizito Mihigo Peace Foundation among the top-ten local NGOs that had promoted good governance in Rwanda. Because of this, the Foundation received the "RGB award" of 8,000,000 Rwandan francs.

The Christian singer was referring to alleged crimes committed by the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) ruling party. In the same song, the singer criticized a program called "Ndi umunyarwanda" (English: I am Rwandan). In this controversial program launched by President Kagame in 2013, the whole Hutu population is urged to apologize for having participated in the Rwandan genocide.

From 2012 until his death, Kizito Mihigo had presented Umusanzu w'Umuhanzi (English: The artist’s contribution), a weekly national television program produced by the KMP Foundation. In the one-hour program, the singer discusses his concerts with prisoners and students. Once a month during the program, Mihigo organizes an interfaith dialogue, which takes the form of a debate with religious leaders to understand the role of religion in peacebuilding.

As a Catholic, Mihigo was an admirer of Mozart, Bach, and Haendel, as well as a fan of martial arts and cinema. Though Mihigo had long been single with no children, a 2012 rumor in the local media spoke of a secret love affair between him and Miss Jojo, a local R&B singer. When interviewed, both parties denied the relationship and spoke instead of a deep friendship.

In 2011, Kizito Mihigo settled permanently in Rwanda and became a respected artistic personality. He was regularly invited to sing at national ceremonies for the genocide commemoration. He also became known through many invitations in official ceremonies in parliament or elsewhere to interpret the national anthem in the presence of the head of state and other senior dignitaries.

Mihigo's close relationship with the government raised the christian scrutiny, who were disappointed by their liturgical composer's possible deviation towards politically oriented themes. However, in 2011, the singer tried to reassure his fans. His religious concerts attracted a large number of people in Kigali and Kibeho, Mihigo's birthplace. Such events were often celebrated in the presence of different ministers. In 2011, Mihigo's most popular concerts were those for Easter and Christmas.

In August 2011, in recognition of his activities for peace, Mihigo received a CYRWA award (Cerebrating Young Rwandan Archivers) given by the Imbuto foundation, an organization of the First Lady of Rwanda, Jeannette Kagame.

In 2010, the Mihigo created the Kizito Mihigo Peace Foundation (KMP), an NGO advocating for peace and reconciliation. He settled in Rwanda the following year and, in partnership with the Rwandan government, World Vision International and the United States Embassy in Kigali, he began a tour of schools and prisons in Rwanda. In schools, Mihigo's goal was to promote youth education regarding peace and reconciliation, as well as the establishment of peace clubs. In prisons, the singer's aim was to generate debates with inmates about their crimes before creating dialog clubs called "conflict transformation clubs".

Since 2009, Mihigo has appeared often in the Media of Rwanda as one of the celebrities who attracts the most women in Rwanda. In April 2013, The New Times ranked him as the second-hottest male celebrity in Rwanda.

During his stay in Europe, Mihigo met the Mouvement international de la Réconciliation (MIR), a French non-governmental organization (NGO) that advocates for non-violence. In 2007, in collaboration with the organization, Kizito Mihigo organized a Mass for Peace in Africa, held in Brussels.

In 2001, he participated in the competition for the composition of the Rwandan national anthem and was later granted a presidential scholarship to study at the Conservatoire de Paris (with the financial support of Rwandan President Paul Kagame). In Paris, Mihigo undertook organ and composition courses under the supervision of Françoise Levechin-Gangloff. He then began his international music career in Belgium.

In 1994, Mihigo was orphaned in the Rwandan genocide. He escaped to Burundi where he met surviving members of his family, and tried unsuccessfully to join the Rwandan Patriotic Army (RPA) to avenge his family. In July 1994, Mihigo returned to Rwanda. After high school, he enrolled at the seminary to become a priest, and through music and the Christian faith, he managed to forgive those who killed his father.

Since the 1994 genocide, the Rwandan singer had composed more than 400 songs in 20 years.

Kizito Mihigo (25 July 1981 – 17 February 2020) was a Rwandan gospel singer, songwriter, organist, composer of sacred music, television presenter, genocide survivor, and peace and reconciliation activist. Kizito was an iconic activist who dedicated his life to healing the souls of his fellow genocide survivors and rebuilding unity and reconciliation in Rwanda. According to Kisito's words, published on Kizitomihigo.com, he claimed, "The objective of my works is to console and strengthen the wounded hearts, singing peace and forgiveness." His ultimate performance in healing and Peacebuilding started in 2010 when he created the Kizito Mihigo Peace Foundation, a non-profit organization devoted to his cause.

Kizito Mihigo was born on 25 July 1981 in Kibeho, Nyaruguru district, in the former Gikongoro Province (now Southern Province) of Rwanda. He was the third of six children born to Augustin Buguzi and Placidie Ilibagiza. At the age of 9, he began composing songs. Five years later, when he was studying in secondary school at the Petit Seminaire de Butare, he became the most popular liturgical organist and composer of the Catholic Church in Rwanda.