Sadjarwo Djarwonagoro

On 6 May 1996, Sadjarwo died in Jakarta. He was buried in the Wijaya Brata Garden, a garden cemetery for former teachers of Taman Siswa, located in Yogyakarta.

In 1989, seven years prior to his death, he was accused of being a communist by Soegiarso Soerojo, a book author, and Ruben Nalenan, a lecturer from Untag. He proved his innocence of these accusations.

The military intervened, and on 1 February 1988, Sadjarwo was summoned by the regional military office, the Military District Commando 501 located in Central Jakarta. Three days later, the Staff Intelligence Officer of the district commando, Captain Basiroen S., went to Sadjarwo's university, the Untag. Basiroen stated that "There was no unrest in the university and the lectures went as usual. The problem is solved, Sadjarwo has clarified in the newspaper and everything is clear".

Sadjarwo was married to Nyi Endang Soemarti, a poet and a dancer. The couple had seven children. One of them, Isyana Sadjarwo, became the temporary deputy speaker of the People's Representative Council in 1982.

After the 1971 People's Representative Council officially ended on 1 October 1977, Sadjarwo became the rector of the Untag (17 August 1945 University) beginning in 1986. He also was active in the 1945 Generation organization, which was a group of politicians and military figures that had participated in the Indonesian National Revolution. He served as head of social affairs, transmigration, and law for the organization between 1988 and 1993.

Sadjarwo resigned from his position in 1966, but two years later, he was elected as the member of the Working Body of the People's Consultative Assembly on 29 February 1968 from the Indonesian National Party, replacing Hardi. Several years later, in the 1971 Indonesian legislative election, he was elected as a member of the People's Representative Council from Banyumas, representing the Indonesian National Party fraction.

Sadjarwo refuted the accusations, and pointed out that during his time with the Peasants Front of Indonesia, the organization was not affiliated with any party. He had left the Peasants Front of Indonesia, he claimed, after he felt that the organization was becoming more and more leftist. He also pointed out that, in 1964, he condemned the actions of the Communist Party of Indonesia and in return, the Communist Party of Indonesia demanded that he be removed from his position as minister.

Although this program went well in several areas, Idham Chalid, the leader of Nahdlatul Ulama, stated that it caused conflicts between groups in the villages; even waqf lands also became a source of conflict. Chalid advised the government to conduct an investigation into this problem. The leader of the Communist Party of Indonesia, D. N. Aidit, stated that the land reform in Java, Madura, and Bali must be done by the year 1963, and if not, the landlords must be arrested. These continued conflicts eventually thwarted land reform efforts, and the issue was not raised from the New Order government until recently.

Sadjarwo's Ministry of Agrarian Affairs was so committed to work on land reform that by 1962, the ministry had produced thirteen different land products relating to law reforms. These new guidelines had a major impact on land reform. For example, in Klaten, Central Java, as noted by Soegijanto Padmo, a researcher on agrarian affairs, the regent of Klaten had already established a land reform committee and had enacted several decisions regarding land reform at the village level.

He was re-appointed as the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs in 1959. He was involved in the creation of the Basic Agrarian Law, which had been proposed since 1948. He proposed the bill to the People's Representative Council, and it was enacted shortly thereafter. After the enactment of the law, he began to implement land reform in Indonesia, but failed due to the prolonged conflicts between various political groups. He was appointed as a member of the People's Consultative Assembly and the People's Representative Council after his appointment as minister was not renewed for the next term. After his resignation from the former position, he became the rector of the Untag (17 August University), a private university in Indonesia.

By the end of 1957, Dutch-Indonesian relations began to deteriorate due to the conflicts regarding Netherlands New Guinea. During this time, Sadjarwo issued a decree to temporarily confiscate 248 Dutch plantations and farm companies in Indonesia. He stated that the confiscation would end if the Dutch recognized Indonesia's authority over the Netherlands New Guinea. As the Dutch apparently never fulfilled this demand, on 13 February 1959, Sadjarwo announced that the government had permanently confiscated all 248 Dutch companies in Indonesia and would later determine which companies would be nationalized.

Sadjarwo was appointed Minister of Agrarian Affairs on 10 July 1959, in the First Working Cabinet. He would continually hold the position until 13 November 1963.

As the Peasants Front of Indonesia became closely affiliated to the Communist Party of Indonesia, Sadjarwo left Peasants Front in 1956 and became a member of the Indonesian National Party in 1957/1958. Sadjarwo was appointed as the second vice chairman of the Indonesian National Farmers' Association, the farming organization of the Indonesian National Party.

Even though Sadjarwo left the Peasants Front of Indonesia in 1956, official reports still stated his affiliation to the organization in the Djuanda Cabinet, which was formed in 1957.

The next committee, the Soewahjo Committee, formed on 14 January 1956, managed to create a draft on the Basic Agrarian Law in 1957. The draft was submitted to the People's Representative Council on 24 April 1958 by the Minister of Agrarian Affairs at that time, Soenarjo. The draft was rejected by the council due to "political affairs", and President Sukarno advised that the Ministry should revise the draft with recommendations from experts. The revision for the draft was completed during Sadjarwo's term, and on 1 August 1960, the draft was submitted again to the council by Sadjarwo. Less than two months later, on 24 September 1960, the council approved the draft, which was enacted as Law No. 5 of 1960, the Basic Law for Agrarian Affairs. The date of enactment of the law is celebrated today in Indonesia as National Agrarian Day and National Farmers' Day.

As the Minister of Agriculture, Sadjarwo targeted the year 1954 as the beginning of Indonesia's self-sufficiency on rice production. He stated that rice imports only serve to build inventory and stabilize domestic prices. He highlighted this plan during a visit to Kalimantan, where he also recommended that a fishery cooperative should be established, fishing ships should be motorized, and timber quality in Kalimantan should be improved.

Even though Soerojo admitted his mistakes and revised the book in the third edition, Nalenan refused to admit the fact that Sadjarwo was not a communist. Nalenan stated that the Peasants Front of Indonesia was involved in the Madiun Affair, and in September 1953, the organization officially merged with the Indonesian Peasants' Union. Due to this ongoing accusation by Nalenan, Sadjarwo, along with one of his children, announced plans to sue Nalenan in court.

In 1952, when he was not re-appointed as Minister of Agriculture, he was appointed by the Minister of Agriculture at that time, Mohammad Sardjan, as a member of a committee to research and implement Food and Agriculture Organization decisions regarding the agricultural problems in Indonesia.

Sadjarwo was appointed as Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia, a state under the United States of Indonesia, in the Halim Cabinet. After the dissolution of the federal state, he was appointed to the same position in the First Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet, Djuanda Cabinet, Fourth Working Cabinet, and the Dwikora Cabinet, which spanned from 1950 until 1959.

During his tenure as the Minister of Agriculture, Sadjarwo actively participated in international conferences regarding agricultural affairs. He attended the 1950, 1952, 1953, and 1957 Rubber Study Group Conference as the leader of the Indonesian delegates.

Sadjarwo's involvement in the Basic Agrarian Law began prior to his appointment as a minister. Since 1948, he was involved in the Yogyakarta Agrarian Committee as a member. This committee was created to establish agrarian law in Indonesia but failed to fulfill its task. In 1951, Sadjarwo was appointed as the vice chairman for a new committee, the Jakarta Agrarian Committee, headed by Sarimin Reksodihardjo. The committee, having not fulfilled its mission, was dissolved several years later.

After his resignation from the taxation office, Sadjarwo became a high-ranking civil employee in the Ministry of Labor. He was appointed in 1947 as a member of the Working Body of the Central Indonesian National Committee, representing the Peasants Front of Indonesia. He was seated in the Internal Affairs and Welfare Section.

After graduation, Sadjarwo worked as a teacher in the Taman Siswa school. He resigned in 1941, and later worked as the Head of the Land Taxation Office in Kediri in 1943. He was transferred to Madiun to work in the same position there in 1946. He was transferred again, and worked as the Head of the Taxation Office in Solo until mid-1947.

Sadjarwo Djarwonagoro (3 August 1917 – 6 May 1996) was a Javanese politician who served as the Minister of Agriculture, Minister of Agrarian Affairs, and member of the People's Representative Council and People's Consultative Assembly. He was also the rector of the Untag (17 August University) in Jakarta.

Sadjarwo Djarwonagoro was born on 3 August 1917 in Surakarta. He began his education at the Hollandsch-Inlandsche School (Dutch school for indigenous people), graduating from the school in 1934. He continued his studies at the Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs (equivalent to junior high school) and graduated in 1937. He went to the Algemene Middelbare School (equivalent to high school), and graduated on 1940.