C. W. A. Scott

Below is an excerpt from "The Great Air Race" by Arthur Swinson, first published 1968.

In 1936, Scott took over Sir Alan Cobham's National Air Displays Ltd and for one season operated C.W.A. Scott Flying Display Ltd. In September that year, he won another air race; flying a Percival Vega Gull, he and Giles Guthrie won the Schlesinger Air Race from Portsmouth to Johannesburg, South Africa, again winning the £10,000 prize money. Before the race, Scott married his second wife, Greta Bremna, but they divorced in 1940. With the onset of World War II Scott served for a time as an Air Raid Precautions (ARP) civil defence ambulance driver then he joined the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR) as a lieutenant, and took part in the Dakar landing. He also spent a period as an Atlantic ferry pilot and was stationed with de Havilland Canada as a test pilot, testing newly built de Havilland Mosquitos and training pilots to fly them. Following the war, and after becoming estranged from his third wife, Scott took a post at the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) headquarters in Germany. On 15 April 1946, while in a state of depression, he fatally wounded himself with a gunshot, using his military-issue revolver.

In 1946 Scott fell in love with Margaret K. Wenner, director of the Mass Tracing Division of the Central Tracing Bureau of UNRRA, whom he met when they were both posted at the UNNRA headquarters in Germany. Scott wanted to marry her, but she refused to leave her husband. He killed himself by shooting himself in the chest and left a note, addressed to Mrs Wenner, in which he cited her rejection of his proposal as the reason for his suicide.

After the end of the war in Europe, Scott returned to Britain. In November, he went to work for the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) in Germany. On 15 April 1946 whilst posted at the UNRRA headquarters in Germany, Scott committed suicide by shooting himself with his army issue revolver. Scott was buried in Mengeringhausen a few miles from where he had died.

On 28 August 1941 Scott married his third wife, Kathleen Barnesley Prichard, in Montreal. She was a Canadian whom he had met in Montreal while he was serving as an Atlantic ferry pilot for RAF Ferry Command.

With the outbreak of World war Two in September 1939, Scott approached the RAF once again; Scott felt that his experience in the air would be valuable to the RAF's war effort, but officials within the RAF did not agree, it was suggested that he may join as a pilot officer (the lowest commissioned rank) and that he may then be placed on ferry duties after some aviation instructions. Scott publicly criticized the 'Aviation Chaos' within the RAF after their refusal to accept his application to join at a level where his experience could have been of use to the war effort and instead joined the ARP as an ambulance driver in London. After a stint with the Royal Navy, Scott joined the Atlantic Ferry Service, ferrying aircraft across the Atlantic, but after making seven Atlantic crossings, his deteriorating health stopped further long-distance flights. Scott became operations manager of the Royal Canadian Air Force's No. 10 Observer School, based at Chatham, New Brunswick, in November 1941. In May 1942, he was badly injured in a crash landing when flying an injured student to hospital, and was no longer fit to fly. He then went to work for de Havilland Canada at Toronto, but although stated in the press as being "attached to the de Havilland of Canada Test Flight", he was not a test pilot. Scott left de Havilland after 5 months, and spent his time working for Fairchild as an inspector at their Montreal factory, and lecturing to Sea Cadets. His health continued to deteriorate, and Scott suffered a nervous breakdown in early 1944, but after recuperation, returned to work with Fairchild.

An article in Flight magazine April I6, 1936 described the up and coming season as follows; "The season's programme of Mr. C.W.A. Scott's "Flying for All" Display embraces over 150 centres in the United Kingdom and Irish Free State, and aims particularly at familiarising people with some of the cheap, easy-to-fly light aeroplanes available to-day. The ever-popular chestnuts popularised at previous displays have been preserved to cater for the purely spectacular tastes of the crowd." The administrators were, Capt. P. Phillips, D.F.C. (managing director), Capt. J. R. King (chief pilot), Mr C. W. A. Scott (chairman) and Mr. D. L. Eskell (general manager). The outfit consisted of 10–15 staff operating 10–15 aircraft and ran for the 1936 season but due to exceptionally bad weather throughout the season trading was not good. Scott agreed, in conjunction with his codirectors, that C. W. A, Scott's Flying Display, Ltd., should go into voluntary liquidation in November 1936.

Scott's co-pilot in the MacRobertson Race, Tom Campbell Black died in an accident while taxiing in a Percival Mew Gull G-AEKL preparing for the race. Three Vega Gulls were built for the race, two were entered into the Schlesinger Race from England to Johannesburg, South Africa. The winners of the "Schlesinger Race" were C W.A. Scott and Giles Guthrie flying Vega Gull G-AEKE landing at Rand Airport on 1 October 1936. The aircraft had left Portsmouth 52 hours 56 minutes 48 seconds earlier. Out of the original 14 entries to the race Scott and Guthrie were the only ones to finish, winning the 10,000 pounds prize money. In 1937 Charles Gardner went on to win the King's Cup Race in the repaired Mew Gull G-AEKL in which Black had suffered his fatal accident. Giles Guthrie then acquired the aircraft and came second in the kings Cup in 1938.

On 17 September 1936, just twelve days before he entered the Schlesinger race, Scott married Greta Constance Bremner at Caxton Hall register office in London. Greta was from Melbourne and was a sister of actress Marie Bremner. It was also reported that Scott's former wife Kathleen remarried, on the same day, to Norman Bower, advertising manager of the Philco Radio Corporation. Greta Scott was granted a divorce on 8 October 1940.

This England to Australia record of 52 hours 33 mins remains unbeaten today (2012) by any other piston-powered aircraft. On 10 November 1935, Charles Kingsford-Smith and his co-pilot died trying to beat this record.

In February 1935 Scott was installed as a member of G.A.P.A.N Guild of Air Pilots and Air Navigators of the British Empire. The Guild was and still is responsible for advising the government on air safety and aeronautics.

In December 1935 Scott bought most of Sir Alan Cobhams company National Aviation Displays Ltd and formed C.W.A. Scott's Flying Display Ltd. An article in The Argus (Melbourne) 19 December 1935, read " A Company entitled "C.W.A. Scott's Flying Display Ltd" has acquired from Sir Alan Cobham the aircraft and other assets of National Aviation Displays Ltd. Mr Scott is chairman and the directors include Mr Campbell Black and Miss Jean Batten. The company aims at making flying popular and in affording novices opportunities of learning to fly under dual control."

In November 1935 it was announced that Kathleen Scott was seeking a divorce. She was granted the divorce in December 1935.

The board considered Scott's letter, and after formally interviewing him, decided to allow him to continue flying with Qantas. Scott did not make reference to these disciplinary proceedings in his book in 1934, though does write in detail about the crash and the spin from eighteen hundred feet in cloud to the ground. He wrote: "I returned to flying duties at the end of January 1929". Fysh thought him "a brilliant but over-volatile pilot...too brilliant to be stable". As a result of this crash came a set of "Rules for the Observance of Pilots", which Fysh put into operation in November 1928.

In 1934, Scott and Tom Campbell Black were entered in the London to Melbourne Air Race, officially known as the "MacRobertson Air Race", and also dubbed "The world's Greatest Air race". The Great Air Race is still believed to be the most important air race that has ever taken place, because as well as attracting more publicity, worldwide organization and involvement than any other air race before or since, it stood to encourage the extension of an established air route to the British Empire's furthermost territory. This was not only thought to be highly beneficial as an air mail and passenger route, but would also enable troops and supplies to be quickly and efficiently moved to the area should there be any future military threats from South East Asia. Charles Scott and Campbell Black had met one year previously to the start of the race at a cocktail party at the Royal Aero Club in London. They had both agreed to enter the race, but only as a team and only if a suitable sponsor could be found. In early 1934 Scott was called to Stag lane for a meeting with the business manager of the de Havilland Aircraft Company, where he was introduced to Arthur Edwards, an entrepreneur and speculative property developer. Edwards (managing director of the Grosvenor House Hotel development) and Scott struck a deal within 20 minutes of meeting and it was in a private capacity that Edwards engaged the services of both Scott and Black, following his order directly off the drawing board of a de Havilland Comet. Scott's team was not the only team to have ordered a De Havilland DH.88 Comet to be designed and built specifically with the intention of being suitable to compete in, and win both the handicap and the speed section of the race. Jim Mollison and his wife Amy Mollison (Amy Johnson) ordered a Comet using their own funds and another team also gained sponsorship to purchase and race the third of the de Havilland Machines, which were to be designed, built and tested in time for the race. The Great Air Race would commence from Mildenhall aerodrome at 6.30 am on 20 October 1934.

Just two days after leaving RAF Mildenhall Scott and Black touched down on Australian soil in Darwin; Scott was found by race officials lying down under the wing of his aeroplane stretching his right leg. He was suffering badly from cramp in his leg because they feared that the port engine was seizing up so had throttled it down, this meant that Scott was forced to compensate for the uneven port/starboard power levels by constantly applying pressure to the Rudder control pedal with his right foot during flight. The following is an excerpt from Time magazine, 29 October 1934, Volume XXIV, Number 18: .mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}

A phone call from Scott's father following the race was reported in The Courier-Mail Brisbane on 26 October 1934. The article entitled "FATHER SPEAKS TO AIRMAN" "Scott Accepts Job in London" published; The News Chroncle announces that Scott has joined its staff as aviation editor. Scott also went on to become "Aviation correspondent" for The Courier-Mail and in conjunction with Scott's Book being published in November 1934 The Courier-Mail purchased the Queensland rights to publish several articles entitled "SCOTT TELLS THE STORY OF HIS LIFE", which were very similar in text to chapters of his book.

In the months leading up to the race Scott had been compiling his autobiography. He had had a months worth of meetings with John Leggitt where he had dictated the entire story of his life and John Leggit was to put the book together and get it to press. On being victorious in the race Scott wrote the final chapter of his book Scott's Book: The life and Mildenhall-Melbourne llight of C.W.A. Scott told by himself and cabled this final chapter to England so that the book could be published by Hodder and Stoughton in November 1934 while Scott himself was still on his way back from Australia.

Back in England Scott and Black were awarded the gold medal of the Royal Aero Club The gold, silver and bronze medals are awarded annually for outstanding achievement in aviation during the preceding year or over a number of years, principally, but not necessarily, as a pilot. They were also awarded The Britannia Trophy by the Royal Aero Club, England, presented "For the British Aviator or Aviators accomplishing the most meritorious performance in aviation during the previous year." Scott also received the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) Gold Air Medal for 1934 and the Harmon Trophy, the International Award for Best Aviator of 1934.

By 1931 Scott had made several record breaking flights across Australia while serving as a pilot for Qantas. He had made a record-breaking flight whilst flying Lord Stonehaven on his tour in 1927 and had then gone on to make the longest air taxi trip of its time in Australia of 3000 miles whilst piloting for Sir John Salmond's tour of the northern territories in 1928. Scott had also broken many speed records across Australia including the Brisbane–Cairns record and the Brisbane–Melbourne speed record in 1930. He had met Amy Johnson when he escorted her across Australia following her record England–Australia flight and was also inspired by Bert Hinkler whom he had also met (as he had been involved in the search for Hinkler who had become lost following his record-breaking England–Australia flight). Scott secured financial backing to attempt an England to Australia record which also involved delivery of the de Havilland Moth G-ABHY to his financial backer; on 10 April 1931 Scott landed at Darwin after having left England 9 days 4 hrs 11 minutes earlier, breaking the England – Australia record. This would be the first of three England Australia records, the next one being a record breaking flight back to England in 1931 in another DH Moth, this time funded by Lord Wakefield who purchased the Moth VH-UQA for Scott to complete this and another record England – Australia flight in 1932. It was announced in the London Gazette for 30 June 1931 that "The King has been graciously pleased to approve of the award of the Air Force Cross to Mr. Charles William Anderson Scott in recognition of the distinguished services rendered to aviation by his recent flights between England and Australia."

On 13 February 1930, his 27th birthday, Scott made a record flight in a Gipsy Moth aeroplane from Brisbane to Melbourne, leaving Brisbane at 4.10 am and landing at Essendon aerodrome at 6.40 that evening, after only 13 hours and 20 minutes of actual flying time. The motive for this flight was the birth of his daughter Rosemary. It was later reported that Scott took Rosemary's golliwog as a mascot on all his record-breaking flights.

Scott met his first wife, Kathleen O'Neill of Melbourne, in 1929, while he was on leave from QANTAS after his DH 50 crash. He took a boat trip from Brisbane to Hong Kong via Thursday Island and Manilla, New South Wales, down along the South China Sea to Singapore, and back via Java and Celebes. He met Miss O'Neill met on this boat trip and fell in love, and they were married at Scots' Church, Melbourne, in April 1929.

On 4 September 1928 Scott crashed the Qantas DH.50J named Hermes registered G-AUHI in bad weather six miles north-east of Parafield Aerodrome, South Australia, resulting in the death of his engineer George Nutson. Scott had been the pilot for a long tour of Northern Australia earlier that year for Lord Stonehaven and had then piloted an equally extensive tour of north Australia for the British Marshal of the Royal Air Force, Sir John Salmond who was in Australia as a guest of the Commonwealth Government to advise on aerial defence. Salmond's tour ended in Adelaide and not long after an early morning take-off, on the return journey to Longreach Scott crashed in hilly country and bad weather. Scott broke his jaw and suffered severe burns as Hermes burst into flames. Despite his injuries and shock, Scott dragged Nutson, his engineer and the only other person on board, free from the flames but Nutson died from his injuries later in hospital. The aircraft was destroyed by the fire.

Having qualified for his 'B' commercial licence he emigrated to Australia in 1927 to seek work with airline companies. He played a pioneering role in the formation and the early expansion of the airline company Qantas which still operates to this day and is the national airline of Australia. As a commercial pilot in Australia he frequently made long air taxi flights, perhaps the best known being a 4,000 miles (6,400 km) trip across Central Australia. Scott became a senior pilot for Qantas and during this time he acquired an intimate knowledge of the northern territory. In 1929 Qantas posted him to Brisbane to take over the duties of flying instructor at Eagle Farm Airport, Brisbane Flying Training School. During Scott's time as a pilot for Qantas he recorded 3,179 hours of flying time, covering over 83,000 miles (134,000 km).

While serving with the RAF, Scott gained a reputation for his aerobatic skill and was RAF heavyweight boxing champion for two consecutive years. He left the RAF in 1926 and emigrated to Australia, where he took up a post as a commercial pilot for the fledgling airline company Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services (now Qantas). In 1929, while on leave from QANTAS following a crash in a de Havilland DH.50J, Scott met his first wife Kathleen. In 1930, he broke the solo record from Brisbane to Melbourne in a de Havilland DH.60 Gipsy Moth aeroplane to get to the birth of his daughter Rosemary. Scott broke the England–Australia solo flight record in 1931, flying a de Havilland DH.60 Moth. For this achievement, the King awarded him the Air Force Cross in 1931. Competing against fellow pilots such as Bert Hinkler, Charles Kingsford Smith and Jim Mollison, Scott went on to beat the Australia–England solo flight record in 1932 and then re-took the England–Australia the same year. In 1934, he was picked, along with Tom Campbell Black, to fly one of three purpose-built de Havilland DH.88 Comet Racers to compete in the MacRobertson Air Race, which is still considered the world's greatest air race. Scott and Black won the race, breaking the England–Australia flight record of 162 hours down to 52 hours and 33 minutes. They reached the finish line in Melbourne in 71 hours, winning the £10.000 prize money and becoming world-famous overnight. Following the race, Scott received several medals and awards, including the Gold Medal of the Royal Aero Club, and was celebrated wherever he went, including invitations from King Edward VIII.

The following month June 1925, No 32 Squadron did an air display demonstrating Flight-converging bombing at the RAF Display, Hendon. Scott was selected to do individual aerobatics in a brand-new Snipe which he was allowed to paint red, this pleased Scott greatly as it meant that he was also allowed to practice his aerobatics at a low altitude, rather than above 2000 feet which was R.A.F regulations at that time. In Scott's Book he tells of how for his solo display he was allotted exactly seven minutes during the luncheon break, to complete his show but after just two minutes, a flying wire broke in the near edge of the port side, anxious not to cut his allotted seven minutes down too much he began to fly the aircraft upside down in an effort to reduce the strain on the flying wires, he continued flying in an inverted position for some time until he noticed a worrying quiver in the top plane and promptly landed slightly short of his seven minutes. The following week in the weekly edition of Flight magazine their reporter described the incident in these words- Flight 02, 07, 1925- While there was a certain liveliness in the aerodrome during the early part of the day, it was not until about 1.30 pm that the first really exciting item occurred, when a machine—we think it was one of the good old Sopwith "Snipes"—went up and executed a number of really excellent stunts, including one of the longest sustained upside-down flights we have seen. Scott would go on to become top of the bill for the 1933 British Hospitals Air Pageant and then form C. W. A. Scott's Flying display for the 1936 season.

The following year, then posted at Kenley the RAF annual individual boxing championships took place and Scott successfully defended his title becoming RAF heavyweight champion for his second year running in 1924. This meant that instead of returning immediately to his unit Scott went to RNAS Lee-on-Solent with the rest of the RAF team to train for the I.S.B.A Championships, to be held at HMNB Portsmouth, again he failed to beat his opponent but put up a much better fight than he had done the previous year.

In 1924 Scott and other members of No. 32 Squadron performed six nights a week in a night time air display over the Wembley Exhibition flying Sopwith Snipes which were painted black for the display and fitted with white lights on the wings tail and fuselage of the aircraft. The display involved firing blank ammunition into the stadium crowds and dropping pyrotechnics from the aeroplanes to simulate shrapnel from guns on the ground, Explosions on the ground also produced the effect of bombs being dropped into the stadium by the Aeroplanes. On one evening during these displays one of the pilots had to make a forced landing at the nearby allotted forced landing ground, seconds after the pilot evacuated the crashed aeroplane it went up in flames. Unbeknown to Scott his parents were spectators in the crowd that night and after rumours among the crowd and belief by the pilots that one of them had burnt to death that night, Scott's father made several phone calls to the RAF who would not disclose any information, so he drove all the way to their Mess at Northolt to establish that his son was indeed alive and then relay that information back to Scott's mother who was very distressed. A similar air display was conducted the following year at the Wembley Exhibition called London Defended and they also did a piece much the same at the Aldershot tattoo.

When Scott first joined Flying training school Duxford, he and the other new pilot officers were divided into squads; in each squad one of the officers was made "Squad commander" though the squad commander was equal in rank to the other officers in his squad. In Scott's case the squad commander named Newbigging was a large fellow of some six-foot four and had seen a lot of service with the Scots Guards in World War I. Newbigging soon took offence to Scott's precocious attitude, as Scott was undisciplined and fresh from the sugar plantations, where he was well adept at enforcing discipline, but not too keen on taking orders for himself. This clash of personalities lead to Scott and Newbigging having a fight, in which Scott was the victor. News of this spread around the camp, and subsequently Scott was sent off as one of a team to box in the group championships; after winning the fight in his weight there, he was then picked to box in the RAF championships at RAF Halton. The RAF championships took place near the end of Scott's first term at Duxford and he won the heavy-weight title there, becoming RAF heavyweight champion for 1923.

On returning to his camp he received a personal commendation from his Wing Commander, who then informed Scott that he had been selected to box for the RAF against the Army, Navy, and Marines. In 1923, 1924 and 1925 The Imperial Services Boxing Association (I.S.B.A) Championships took the form of Inter Service Team Championships between the Royal Navy, Royal Marines, Army and Royal Air Force. The championships took place at Aldershot. Scott met his opponent in the dressing-room before the fight a Lieutenant Capper who in Scott's words – "held out two enormous gloves and asked me if I had any objection to his using those, as the standard gloves would not fit his hands. Had he held out a meat axe I would have acquiesced as meekly, for I knew that nothing could prevent him doing with me just what he liked." Scott lost the fight in round two and Capper went on to win the amateur championship of England.

Born on Friday the 13th, he was the son of Charles Kennedy Scott, who was founder of the Oriana Madrigal Society and the founder and conductor of the Philharmonic Choir. Scott was also the great nephew of Lord Scott-Dickson, a Scottish Unionist politician and judge. Scott was born in London and was educated at Westminster School. He was a keen musician, poet and yachtsman. After leaving school he served on a sugar plantation in British Guiana for a short time before returning to England and in 1922 joining the Royal Air Force, where he learned to fly.

Scott was educated at Westminster School. In 1920 he left school and took a five-year contract with a sugar plantation at a British colony in Demerara, British Guiana. Scott did not enjoy his time at the sugar plantation and after 18 months and a bout of malaria his father arranged for his release of the five-year contract and for his passage back home to London. He joined the RAF as a pilot in 1922 and on 9 December 1922 he was granted a short service commission as a probationary pilot officer, and joined No. 2 Flying Training School, Duxford for flight training. He made his first "solo flight" in an Avro 504K and on 9 July 1923 his rank as pilot officer was confirmed; on 15 December 1923 he got his "wings" and was appointed pilot officer to be stationed with No. 32 Squadron RAF Kenley, where he acquired a reputation for his aerobatic skill flying Sopwith Snipes and Gloster Grebes. Partly because he had passed the navigation exam at flying training school with 100 percent, his C.O sent him on a three-month navigation coarse at RAF Calshot; Scott enjoyed his few months by the sea and just passed the final examinations with 60 percent, which was the exact percentage required to pass. On 9 July 1924 he was promoted to the rank of flying officer, and on 1 November 1924 he was appointed flying officer to be stationed at the Armament and Gunnery School Eastchurch; however, the decision to post him there was changed and he remained with 32 Squadron, Kenley. He left the service on 9 December 1926 and was transferred onto the reserve list as a class C flying officer until 9 December 1930. During Scott's time with the RAF he recorded 893 hours of flying time.

Flight Lieutenant Charles William Anderson Scott, AFC (13 February 1903 – 15 April 1946) was an English aviator. He won the MacRobertson Air Race, a race from London to Melbourne, in 1934, in a time of 71 hours.