Hendrika Gerritsen

Hendrika Gerritsen's recollections about her time at Agfa-Commando and other Nazi concentration camps continue to be shared through special events across the Netherlands and Germany, including readings of her unpublished memoir, The World Was White, and the 2017 exhibition of Alexander Steig's "Camera," a sculpture "dedicated to the memory of the approximately 550 forced laborers of the Giesinger satellite camp Agfa-Kamerawerke.

Following a brief illness, Hendrika "Kiky" Gerritsen-Heinsius died in Amsterdam on 27 December 1990. Members of the community were given the opportunity to bid farewell to her at the Osdorp event center in Amsterdam on 31 December 1990 and 2 January 1991. Her cremation ceremony was then held later in the day on 2 January at the Crematorium Westgaarde in Amsterdam's Memorial Park Westgaarde.

Hendrika Gerritsen was honored nationally and internationally for her work with the Dutch Resistance during World War II. On 15 September 1989, she was awarded the title of Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem, and her name was inscribed on the far right panel of the Netherlands Wall, 13th name from the bottom, in the Garden of the Righteous Among the Nations, which is located on the Mount of Remembrance in Jerusalem, Israel.

A member of the Dutch Resistance who actively helped Dutch men and women escape Nazi persecution, she survived imprisonment at three Nazi concentration camps – Herzogenbusch (Vught) in the Netherlands and Ravensbrück and Dachau in Germany, as well as the harsh working conditions of the Munich-Giesing satellite camp known as Agfa-Commando, becoming one of those liberated from Dachau at the end of April, 1945.

Consequently, van Ommen writes, the 14-mile road between Dachau and Agfa was impassable by January 1945, preventing food and other supplies from being delivered. As salt and other staples ran out, the factory's managers began watering down prisoners' soup rations "while at the same time trying to raise the production quotas." Many women, malnourished and overworked, fell ill with typhoid fever, tuberculosis and other diseases, but fought to remain at Agfa as long as possible since being sent to the overcrowded hospital at Dachau would likely result in their deaths.

When her apartment was raided on 2 February 1944, both she and Goldsteen were captured. According to Yad Vashem, "Sieg perished somewhere in Central Europe in June 1944" while Kiky was sent to Vught (Herzogenbusch), Ravensbrück, and a subcamp of Dachau, from where she was liberated on 30 April 1945." The Verzetsmuseum in Amsterdam places the date of her arrival at Dachau as 15 October 1944 while a list of prisoners being transported to that camp in 1944 noted that her inmate number there would be "123202."

According to Jack van Ommen, author of The Mastmakers' Daughters, his mother, Rennie van Ommen-de Vries, and Hendrika Gerritsen were two of the women who performed forced labor at Agfa-Commando, which was a satellite camp of Dachau, located at Munich-Giesing roughly 14 miles from the Dachau main camp. Both women had been members of the Dutch Resistance, and had also been imprisoned at the Nazi's Herzogenbusch (Vught) and Ravensbrück concentration camps prior to their 15 October 1944 transfer to Agfa with a group of former Resistance members and other Dutch women.

Despite the threat to her personal security, she then actively intervened on behalf of a third individual, Siegfried Goldsteen, a Jewish labor camp fugitive who had been befriended by her co-worker, Anna Maass. Hiding him at her home in early 1943, according to Yad Vashem, Kiky Heinsius "stole ration cards from her employer to provide for him" before helping him locate and move to "a safer hideout." She then also relocated, moving "to a larger apartment with a hiding place ... took in Judith Fransman, an acquaintance of Sieg’s," and persuaded another friend to help secure extra ration cards.

Residing alone in Amsterdam and employed at that city's famed department store, De Bijenkorf, during the opening years of World War II, Kiky Heinsius was intimately acquainted with the dangers faced by Jewish men, women and children. Within the span of just a few months, two of her friends were targeted by Nazi officials in the Netherlands. Following the June 1941 death of her closest friend, Rudolph Richter, at the Mauthausen concentration camp, her movements were monitored after she tried to intervene on behalf of another friend, Leo Zwart, who had been arrested, interrogated and deported to Westerbork.

Hendrika Jacoba "Kiky" Gerritsen-Heinsius (12 April 1921 – 27 December 1990) was recognized by Yad Vashem as Righteous Among the Nations on 15 September 1989, and was also awarded the Verzetsherdenkingskruis (Resistance Memorial Cross) by the Dutch government.

Born in Amsterdam, Netherlands on 12 April 1921, her birth name was Hendrika Jacoba Heinsius. Following her marriage to Piet Gerritsen, she became Hendrika Jacoba Gerritsen-Heinsius.

Records preserved from the concentration camp at Dachau also provide further confirmation of many of her vital statistics, including that her name was "Hendrika Heinsius", that her inmate number was "123202," that she had been born in Amsterdam on 12 April 1921, and that she had been sent from Ravensbrück to Dachau; however, these records also state that she did not arrive at Dachau until 12 November 1944. In addition, the Dachau records confirm that she had been designated by Nazi officials as a "Schutzhäftling" from the Netherlands. Translated roughly as "protective custody prisoner," the term "Schutzhäftling" was a euphemism used by Nazis to describe political prisoners or others they deemed to be threats to the Third Reich or otherwise undesirable, many of whom were detained without trial. Having survived imprisonment at both Ravensbrück and Dachau, according to Dachau's records, she was finally liberated from that camp with her fellow prisoners on 30 April 1945.