Mahmud Bakhith Al Rabii

He worked at the Faculty of Dar al-Ulum as head of the Department of Rhetoric, Literary Criticism, and Comparative Literature of Cairo University from 1973 to 1986, then at the American University of Cairo from 1998 to 2000 as a professor, and as an authorized representative for the same university between 1982-1984. During his time at the Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo, he was elected a member in 2008 and a vice-president in 2016, and then on March 9, 2020, he was elected again.

On May 19, 2009, the Egyptian National Library and Archives held a celebration in his honour.

After returning to Egypt in 1965, he became a teacher of modern literary criticism at the Faculty of Dar Al Ulum and published his articles in 1966. In 1972, he was appointed assistant professor of rhetoric and literary criticism at the same faculty, where he has led the department since 1977. His academic career spans the years 1969-1972 while he was a professor at the University of Algiers' Faculty of Arts. He worked at Kuwait University for a couple of years, then returned to his hometown in 1982.

After graduating, he became interested in poetry criticism, and in 1962, he translated The Lonely Voice, a study of short story form written by Frank O'Connor. He then contributed a number of articles to the Faculty of Science's publications, including the two magazines "The Majalla" and "Annals". He published his book "Texts of Literary Criticism" in the 1970s and wrote research papers for the magazines "Al Thaqafa", "Al-Kitab", "Al-Hilal", "Al-Mawqif Al-Arabi", "Al-Ahram" and "Al-Akhbar".

His contribution to literary criticism began in the mid-1960s and is known as a prominent critic with a distinct approach, which aims to mix textual analysis with the very nature of literary creativity itself. He was known in theoretical criticism more than applied criticism. He believes that the creator who needs a critic who teaches him the origins of his art is doomed to failure sooner or later, and the critic who coordinates with such a creator is a critic who has lost his way.

His father died in 1943, followed by his mother's death in 1954, leaving him with a painful wound. In 1960, he married and moved to Britain to pursue his studies; he has two children, Mai and Amin.

Mahmoud Bakhith Al Rabii (Arabic: محمود بَخيت الرَّبيعي) is an Egyptian literary critic and academic. He was born on January 15, 1932, in the town of Sohag Governorate, Egypt. He was composing poetry in his youth until 1960, but he then turned to literary criticism. He graduated from Dar al-Ulum university 1958, and obtained his PhD from the University of London in 1965. He taught at the universities of Cairo, Algeria, Kuwait, and the American University in Cairo. He was elected as a member of the Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo in 2008. He has written publications in criticism, studies, and translations, and he also has a trilogy of biography.

Mahmud Bakhith Al Rabii was born on January 15, 1932 in the town of Juhaynah, Sohag  Governorate, Egypt. His father was a poor peasant, and his mother memorized a portion of the Qur’an, and he is the youngest of seven brothers. He grew up in his hometown right at the age of six in elementary school. At the age of ten he devoted himself to memorizing the Qur’an, and joined the Religious Institute in Asyut in 1945. Then he moved to the Cairo Religious Institute in 1951, and during this period he began writing poetry and publishing it in Al-Zaman and Al-Ahram newspapers. Then he joined Dar al-Ulum University in 1954. He continued writing poetry at Dar al-Ulum, and obtained a BA in 1958, and with the growth of his academic interest in criticism, he stopped writing poetry in 1960. He studied English and entered the University of London in 1960 and obtained a PhD in 1965 with a letter entitled "Women Writers and Critics in Modern Egypt".