Zebedee Nungak

In 2021, Nungak was one of five recipients of the First Peoples' Medal by the Lieutenant Governor of Quebec J. Michel Doyon to honour their contributions in their communities and abroad.

In his early career, Nungak worked as a translator and interpreter for the Canadian government. He then became one of the founding members of the Northern Quebec Inuit Association, and a signatory to the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement. During the aboriginal rights constitutional conferences, Nungak was the co-chair of the Inuit Committee on National Issues. He later served as vice president, and eventually president, of the Makivik Corporation, where he actively worked to ensure the recognition of Inuit rights. In 2017, in recognition to his services to the Inuit of Northern Quebec, he was awarded the National Order of Quebec by Premier of Quebec Philippe Couillard.

In 2017, Nungak received the National Order of Quebec by Premier of Quebec Philippe Couillard during the 2017 Canadian honours in recognition to his contributions to Quebec's society. He was awarded the Knight insignia.

From 1984 and 1987, Nungak was co-chair of the Inuit Committee on National Issues, negotiating with the Canadian government that Inuit rights be enshrined within the Canadian constitution during the aboriginal rights constitutional conferences. Between 1995 to 1998 he was the president of the Makivik Corporation, which was responsible to administrate the compensation funding as part of the JBNQA. He had previously served as its vice-president. Nungak, who was appointed president of the organization in 1995 to succeed Simeonie Nalukturuk, was primaried in 1997 by two challengers, but won with 79% of the vote cast by beneficiaries of the agreement.

Nungak ran twice for federal and provincial office. He ran for the seat of Duplessis as an independent politician during the 1976 Quebec general election Nungak received 1916 votes, placing fourth. He subsequently ran in the 1979 Canadian federal election, again as an independent politician, running in the riding of Abitibi. Nungak would lose the race, only receiving 986 votes, or two percent of the vote.

Nungak was described as one of the leading figures in the building of the Inuit region known as Nunavik. He, along with Charlie Watt, were the founding members of the Northern Quebec Inuit Association (NQIA) in 1972. Nungak served as its secretary-treasurer. The association represented the Inuit, working alongside the Grand Council of the Crees, in negotiations with the governments of Quebec and Canada for the first land claim on behalf of the Inuit. Nungak, as a negotiator on behalf of the NQIA, was one of eleven signatories to the James Bay and Northern Québec Agreement (JBNQA) in 1975. Additionally, Nungak was the manager of Saputik, an organization tasked with holding Quebec's Inuit lands.

As a result of their extended time as part of the experiment, Nungak and Ittinuar realized they had a unique perspective of both the north and south. Nungak joined the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs with the goal of establishing Inuit self-government. At the age of 19, he started working as a government translator and interpreter, and returned to his home community during the 1970s. He also worked as an editor for Tukisinaqtuk "Message", a trilingual newsletter, and as a broadcaster for CBC North Iqaluit. In a 2011 interview, Nungak said that over the course of his political career, he has "crossed antlers with prime ministers, premiers and Québec separatists".

The experiment, with archived documentation, was conducted as to determine if the Inuit had the same level of intelligence as their non-Inuit counterparts. The program had been devised to "expunge them of Inuit culture and groom them to become northern leaders with a southern way of thinking." While conducting the experiment, the Canadian government acknowledged the possible ramifications of the program in destroying family ties, as well as Inuit culture. The Canadian government would later conduct a similar program in 1965, resettling four Inuit girls. In 2009, a film detailing their experiences The Experimental Eskimos was made by filmmaker Barry Greenwald.

Until he was 12 years old, Nungak attended day school at the Povungnituk Federal Day School. When Nungak was 12 years old, on 14 August 1963, he was taken as a part of what was called the "Eskimo Experiment" by the Government of Canada. He, along with two other children, Peter Ittinuar and Eric Tagoona, to finish high school in the south of Canada. The three children, chosen due to their high test scores, were taken from their homes without their families' consent and housed with English-speaking middle class families in the city of Ottawa. Nungak as part of the experiment, attended three schools: Ottawa's Parkway Public School, J.H. Putman Public School, and Laurentian High School. Nungak, alongside Ittinuar and Tagoona, excelled at physical sports such as judo and swimming. The three appeared on the cover of the 1964 edition of Judo World magazine.

Zebedee Nungak CQ (Inuktitut: ᔭᐃᐱᑎ ᓄᓐᖓᖅ; Jaipiti Nunngaq; born 23 April 1951) is a Canadian Inuit author, actor, essayist, journalist, and politician. As a child, Nungak was taken from his home in the community of Saputiligait, along with two other children, for the purposes of an experiment by the Canadian government to "[expunge] them of Inuit culture and groom them to become northern leaders with a southern way of thinking." Nungak later became pivotal in securing successful land rights claims and the creation of his home territory of Nunavik.

Nungak was born in the community of Saputiligait, Nunavik, Quebec, a small village south of Puvirnituq on 23 April 1951. The location was listed as "Kenoruk's camp" by the Anglican priest who had recorded his birthplace, Nungak musing that it was likely due to the inability for the reverend to spell the location's name correctly. He had received the E-number E9-1956, a disc number assigned to Inuit in the east which was abolished in 1978. Nungak's mother was biracial, having been born to an Inuit mother and a Scottish father; Nungak never met his maternal grandfather. He was one of seven children, alongside Talasia, Poasie, Harry, Aliva, Alasie, and Joanasie. Nungak's name at birth was listed as Jabedee Noongoak, later in life, he had to have a lawyer certify that the two names belonged to the same person.